Vitamins are this indispensable to correc functioning organism organic relationships, taking in biochemical transformations part. They do not make up homogeneous group and they have different chemical composition. Their presence conditions correc working, that is proteins catalyzing the processes of transformation of matter enzymes. The human organism need very small the quantity of vitamins. However alone it is not clever to their synthesis (production), it has it to receive from food together with. They exist also the tzw. of the provitamin after they consumptions they can be through man's organism processed on vitamin which.
small molecular weight is the Common feature of vitamins, facilitating them working. Full moon they very important part in all folded chemical setting in man's organism reactions. They are then the reactions of chemical analysis ( delivered from food the schedule of relationships on simpler elements), as also the synthesis ( the compiled joining in more the chemical relationships, necessary the organism np. the hormones).
Vitamins are not the sources of building material nor energy. They are this however absolutely indispensable factors to this, to the process of transformation of matter could run normally.
compiled chemical processes In cells of man's organism set, the production of energy be holds ( cellular burning) and material material (proteins). The "chemists”'s part carrying out and enabling setting these of compiled processes full moon the enzymes (special the the proteins which step out at all alive organisms and they are indispensable to course essential to life of chemical reactions). To correc working of enzymes indispensable the vitamins are. The vitamins step out in part, that is substance helping the enzymes so called of coenzymes. They as coenzymes are the conveyors of electrons, atoms or chemical groups during biochemical reactions, which depend on exchange these elements just.
Remembered higher setting in organism processes of synthesis, that is creating of new chemical relationships ( the white to building of cells, the creating the hormones, antibodies, blood corpuscles, building of material genetic itd.), and also analysis, that is break-up ( the digestion the foods, burning the intracellular energetistic materials) if would would not can set not the presence of vitamins – therefore they are so indispensable.
Vitamins divide on two categories: solvable in fats ( vitamins belong to them And, D, E and K) and solvable in water (vitamin C and vitamin from group B, that is B1, B2, B6, B12 as well as niacyna, foil acid, pantotenowy acid and biotin).
This first kind of vitamins steps out in fats and contained oils in food. Fats are necessary to this, to organism could it assimilate. It to this group was can also number beta - the carotene, that is the provitamin the A. Aby vitamins these one should were assimilated to consume the rich products in these vitamins during food of dishes of including mobs, and also in of salads having in composition the vegetable oil figures. He will facilitate absorbing these vitamins.
solvable Vitamins in water are in watery part of food. It to it was assimilating does not one need tłuszczów. It it was one should was be careful, to does not boil the aftermath zbyt long ( the break-up of vitamins) as well as use the how the freshest products, because the vegetable's zwiędnięte and the fruit loses the large part of vitamins. Very important storage in low temperature plants is, and also careful preparing aftermath, to to prevent the losses of vitamins.
Vitamins influence on many setting in organism varied processes. Every of vitamins conditions the regularity the setting the different reactions, which the correc building of structures of organism is of the effect ( the os the, epithelia, of blood corpuscle, hormones itd.). It Poniżej the profile of part of individual vitamins was introduced was skrótowo.
the Vitamin I - the Vitamin I the correc growth conditions as well as the building of strong oss and the teeth at children. It is necessary to correc sight. It helps to bear in health skin as well as the membrane the mucous pits oral, the nose of, throat, of lungs, urinary roads and the alimentary line.
Vitamin B1 (tiamine) - Tiamine conditions correc utilization carbohydrates (sugars). It influences on health of nervous arrangement, the muscles and the correc action of heart.
the Vitamin B2 ( the ryboflawina) - the Ryboflawina takes the part in utilization through organism of carbohydrates, the tłuszczów and the proteins as well as in production of energy in using up the oxygen cells.
Vitamin PP (niacyna) - Niacyna plays part in production from glucose energy as well as in receiving tłuszczów. It is indispensable to correc functioning the nervous arrangement and digestive as well as to production of sexual hormones.
the pantotenowy Acid - the pantotenowy Acid is indispensable to production of energy from carbohydrates and the tłuszczów, and also to production the tłuszczów and the hormones the kortykosteroidowych as well as to correc functioning the nervous arrangement, gruczołów of adrenal glands and to normal growth and the development of organism.
the Vitamin B6 ( the pirydoksyna) - the Pirydoksyna influences on net correc protein utilization, the carbohydrates and the from food, on freeing the carbohydrates stored in liver tłuszczów and the muscles on need of production of energy as well as the production the niacyny. Part takes in formation red blood corpuscles (erythrocyte) and antibodies (resistance), it influences on healthy skin and correc digestion. It is important for correc working of nervous arrangement and many hormones.
the Vitamin B12 ( the kobalamina) - the Vitamin B12 takes the part in production the genetic material of cells, it by this influences on growth and the development of organism. Dependent on from this vitamin particularly the synthesis of red blood corpuscles is (erythrocyte) in bone marrow. She takes also part in utilization foil acid and delivered with diet carbohydrates and it is necessary to maintenance of healthy nervous arrangement.
the Biotin - the Biotin is indispensable to schedule of fatty acids and taken with diet in aim of transformation their in energy carbohydrates, to production the tłuszczów as well as the dismissing the products of break-up of proteins.
the foil Acid - the foil Acid is indispensable in synthesis of nucleic acids - the genetic material of cells - and therefore it is indispensable to process of growth and the reproduction. His presence is necessary to formation in marrow of red blood corpuscles, and also to development and correc functioning nervous arrangement. She his suplementacja be recommended particularly in And the term of cyesis.
Vitamin C ( askorbinowy acid) - Vitamin C influences on growth and maintenance healthy oss, teeth, gums, ligaments and blood vessels, thanks what it is important component of all organs of body. The part takes in synthesis some nervous relays also and the hormones of adrenal glands. It is necessary to correc utilization of foil acid and assimilating iron. Vitamin C participates in immunological answer of organism on infections also as well as healing mornings accelerates. Vitamin C is vitamin for man only and some different animals' species, during when different vegetable organisms and animal they are clever to her production.
Vitamin D - Vitamin D is responsible for providing for equilibrium of calcium and phosphorus in organism. Assimilating from alimentary line calcium helps and it is indispensable for rise of strong oss and teeth.
the Vitamin the E - the Vitamin the E is indispensable for correc building of cells, weakness of results of process their aging as well as for maintenance of activity of some enzymes. Vitamin E protects lung and different tissues (in this red blood corpuscles) before damage through potentially cancerigenic free oxygenic radicals. It influences on production red blood corpuscles also and part takes in production of energy in heart and muscles.
the Vitamin the K - the Vitamin the K is indispensable to production in liver of relationships which contribute to correc coagulation of blood ( the factors of coagulation of blood).
Provitamin beta - carotene - man's Organism be not able to alone synthetise vitamins, therefore it has it also to receive from food from outside. However they are not always delivered in finished figure. Organism takes provitamin sometimes, that is contained substances in the food which can be processed in vitamin. Beta is on example such provitamin - carotene, transformed in vitamin And in intestines. Beta - carotene acts from vitamin simultaneously And as oxidant, binding free having on organism harmful influence radicals.
the Vitamin, source of vitamins and the wholesome problems in razie of rich in vitamins shortages.
Vitamin And (retinol). - the Symptoms of shortage of vitamin And they in organism are: fragile, one may the, dry the and breakable hair, nails the dryness of skin, skin exanthema, lack of appetite the, frequent infections, of night-blindness as well as the bad sight, set - back of growth. Rich products in vitamin And they are: the sea fish, the cod - liver oil, beef liver, the pig's liver, eel, vitellus of eggs the, butter, the vegetable oils, spinach the, apricots, the lettuce, pumpkin, green green peas, sorrel as well as the carrot.
Vitamin D (kalcyferol). - the Symptoms of shortage of vitamin the D in organism are at babies - the the children's rickets, at older children and the youth - the late rickets, at older: the disorder of structure of os - the osteomalacja and the zrzeszotnienie of os. Rich products in vitamin D are: the sea fish, the cod - liver oil, eel, follow, the sprat, mackerel, salmon, calf liver, the pig's liver, beef liver, the sheep's liver, vitellus of egg the, fresh eggs, the butter the, vegetable butter, the yellow cheeses. Vitamin sunny radiation D be produced in skin under influence, therefore her shortages concern persons spending in sunny places little.
Vitamin E (tokoferol). - When the E in organism lacks the vitamin can appear such problems how the weakness of skeletal muscles, becoming horny and the early aging the skin as well as the worse be healing the mornings the, neurological disorders, the weakness of ability of concentration, states of irritation the, deterioration the sight, the enlarged risk of sercowo vascular diseases. They would replenish one should consume products such her shortages how: the cereals', sprouts soya bean, vegetable oils - słonecznikowy and sojowy the, fresh whole eggs, the vitellus of egg, groats - barley and buckwheat the, cereal, the nuts the, asparagi, the the cod - liver oil the, butter, the vegetable butter, red cabbage and the little hair, green green peas, Brussels sprouts, white bean, pea and the oat petals.
the Vitamin the K. - the Symptoms of shortage this: the elongated time of coagulation of blood the new-bornchildren's, haemorrhagic flaw (haemorrhages from nose, with alimentary arrangement) - mainly the haemorrhages from alimentary line. Rich products in vitamin K are: the spinach, cabbage, kohlrabi, carrot the, tomatoes, the, strawberry,'s pea the potatoes the, yellow cheeses, of vitellus of the hen's eggs as well as the liver. Yoghurt and kefir this ideal dishes between meals, stimulant production vitamin K by intestinal bacteria.
Vitamin B1 (tiamine). - they are Symptoms of shortage of this vitamin the paralysis the nerves and the atrophy of muscles of limbs ( the disease the beri the beri), the disorder of action of central nervous arrangement ( the nystagmus, disorder of memory, concentration, disturbance of emotional equilibrium), the failure of circulation ( the accelerated action of heart, increase the dimensions of heart, swellings of upper limbs and bottom), the disturbance in process the digestion ( the loss of hunger of, nauseas, the vomitings, diarrhoea). They would replenish one should consume products such her shortages how: łuskany wheat's grain, oat petals, pig's meat, pig's liver and calf, egg, easts, nuts, pea, bean and wholemeal bread.
Vitamin B2 (ryboflawina). - they are wholesome resulting with shortage this vitamin Problems the dealy the growth as well as the damage of optic knobs and the cornea, hypersensitivity on light, the feeling of sand in eyes and under eyelids the, scorching, zaczerwienione the eyes, change in grounds of oral pit, the fracture and the ulceration in corners of mouths, the inflammation śluzówki of oral pit and the nose the, cracked lips, the peeling off neighbourhoods of nose and the mouths, forehead and the ears, falling out the hair, lack of concentration, dizzinesses of head as well as the insomnia. Rich products in vitamin B2 this: the easts, calf liver, the pig's liver the, milk, the wheat's, whole grain oat petals, spinach the, the pig's meat, of egg, carrot, white bread, yellow cheese and the mackerel.
Vitamin B5 ( pantotenowy acid). - When it in organism lacks this vitamin such wholesome problems appear how the team of scorching feet the, fatigue, the weakness, pains of head and the stomach, nausea and the vomitings, decrease in skin the immunological resistance, change and the disorder of pigmentation of hair. They would replenish one should consume in her rich products the shortages of vitamin, such how: the the pig's liver, calf liver of, egg, łuskany the wheat's grain the, oat petals, the wholemeal bread the, the pig's meat, the beef meat, white bread the, milk, the potatoes, spinach, carrot as well as the cabbage.
Vitamin B6 (pirydoksyna). - the Symptoms of shortage of vitamin B6 in organism are the states the inflammable skins, łojotokowe changes on face, the irritation the language and the mucous membranes of oral pit (similarly how in case of lack of vitamin B2 and the PP), the apathy, insomnia, hypersensitivity, assaults of convulsions, susceptibility on infections, the anaemia. Rich products in vitamin B6 then easts, łuskany wheat's grain, beef meat, pig's meat, white bread, cabbage, oat petals, milk, carrot, potatoes and fish.
Vitamin B12 (kobalamina). - the disorders of formation of blood cells, anaemia are wholesome resulting with shortage this vitamin Problems the magaloblastyczna, disorder in nervous arrangement of change the degenerative membranes mucous the stomach the, fatigue, the keeping states of irritation, depression, numbness the hands and the legs, difficulty in walking the, stutter, the inflammable states of mouths as well as the unpleasant scent of body. Rich products in B12 this: the beef liver, the pig's liver the, beef kidneys, the the pig's kidneys, follow, the mackerel, salmon, trout, the pig's brain, beef tongue, flounder, cod, calf brain, beef, mutton, veal, vitellus of the hen's egg as well as the yellow cheeses.
the Vitamin the PP ( the niacyna, nicotinic acid) - When it in organism lacks this vitamin the disorder they appear in metabolism of sugars, the process of cellular breathing, dysfunctions of digestive arrangement ( the diarrhoea, fall of mass of body, weakness), the insomnia, dizzinesses of head, pains of head, inflammation the nerves, disorder of memory and the states of nervous diarrhoea, roughness and brown the reddening the skin tzw. lombardzki ( the Pelagra). They would replenish one should consume in vitamin rich products the shortages of vitamins: the the pig's liver, calf liver the, beef meat, the pig's meat, łuskany the wheat's grain, wholemeal bread, carrot, white bread, green peas the spinach of, apple, the cabbage, oranges and the mackerel.
Vitamin C ( askorbinowy acid). - the disorders are wholesome resulting with shortage this vitamin Problems in creating the collagen ( the enlarged fragility of os) the, freeer be healing the mornings, disorder in transformation of fatty acids, the weakness of capillary vessels and the possibility of formation the mikrowylewów in different organs, the decrease on infections the resistance the, muscular pains, the fatigue, apathy and the lack of appetite, occurrence the manifesting itself with swellings szkorbutu and the bleeding from gums as well as the falling out the teeth. Rich products in vitamin C this: the black currant, red currant, gooseberry, grapefruit, lemon the, oranges, the raspberry, strawberry, rhubarb, broad bean, cabbage, cauliflower, szczypior, pores the onion, green green peas the, potatoes, the tomatoes, turnip, red cabbage, broccoli, horse-radish, radish, Brussels sprouts as well as broccolis.
foil Acid - When it in organism lacks foil acid they can step out: the formation at foetus the heavy developmental disorders ( the defect the nervous cewy – the women should from here accept in first term of cyesis the foil acid), the anaemia the megaloblastyczna, spowolnienie the synthesis of DNA and the division of cells, weakness of absorption from alimentary line the alimentary substances, hypererethism and the difficulty in falling asleep. The rich products in foil acid then the beef liver, spinach, pumpkin, cabbage the, milk, of egg, beef, green green peas, carrot, wholemeal bread, barley groats and the easts.
Vitamin H (biotin). - the Symptoms of shortage of vitamin the H in organism are the psoriasical changes of skin on palms, the legs and the shoulders, drying and the discoulour the skin as well as the mucous membranes, rise of level of cholesterol and the bile dyes in blood the, muscular pains, the weakness and the apathy. The rich products in vitamin the H this the grain of wheat of, egg, the milk, chicken, follow, the pork, beef the, bananas, the grapes the, oranges, the cauliflower, pea, spinach, onion, lettuce, carrot, cabbage, easts and the mushrooms.
Exchanged higher to step out the wholesome problems they can however also with different causes, with reason of different diseases. In razie the appearing of worrying symptoms one should get in touch with doctor.
Eating every day different food products, especially including to diet fruit and vegetable as well as grain and it can receive the sufficient quantity of vitamins in every age cereal products, healthy person and mineral components, come from exclusively with diet. They are however states sick leave, when farmaceutyku one need consuming vitamins in figure additionally.
Vitamin and mineral contained components in pharmaceutical preparations should make up the only supplement of components accepted with diet and they can not be treated as only source of nutritious components. Vitamin and mineral components can not replace varied food. These special situations, when doctor can recommend accepting pharmaceutical rich in vitamins centres this:
we can get with natural road in figure of pill Vitamin or synthetic. Natural vitamins come from from natural products, from which after suitable process it distinguishes vitamin and np. concentrates her in tablet. And so to gain over vitamin mighty E from oil from soya bean, from bean, czy wheat's sprouts' maize. It synthetic vitamins were got was in result of have carried out chemical reactions which have on aim producing product about the same building, what natural vitamin and the same working.
Sometimes natural vitamins and synthetic they in spite similar name differ among me imperceptibly. Synthetic vitamin C this clean askorbinowy acid, however natural extract from hawthorn contains not only vitamin C, but and different natural substances, np. flawonoidy. Natural preparations contain more helping substances and they are better absorbed than synthetic equivalents.
was Not one should fall in exaggeration and consume larger than recommended the doses of rich in vitamins preparations. Patients are careful often, that accepting vitamins does not cause side results. It my this place seldom, was it been proper to know however, that excessive consuming in figure of tablets these relationships can cause in organism potentially serious disorders. The excess of solvable vitamins in water ( the vitamin from group the B and the vitamin the C) he be dismissed from organism. However solvable vitamins in fats (And, D, E, K) they have tendency to gathering in organism, when they reach suitably high level they can be toxic.
For example the excess of vitamin And the pain of head of, nauseas, can cause the diarrhoea, dryness and the itch of skin, falling out the hair and the loss of appetite. Moreover to step out they can fatigue and irregular menstruation. The Beta - the carotene ( the provitamin And) it in high doses can cause żółtawo - the orange tinge of skin. The Zbyt large doses of vitamin And they in cyesis can be the cause of inborn defects. It would come to these irregularities one one should to to consume regularly and dosyć long, what the least tenfold recommended the dose of vitamin – this the thin situation, it however was one should keep caution.
the Excess of vitamin the D can lead to abnormal postponing in soft tissues calcium, the walls of blood vessels and the kidneys and also to delay of at children the growth. The excess of calcium can reduce the assimilating the magnesium and the zinc as well as cause the constipation and the nausea the risk of disorders of rhythm heart enlarges, the postponing in kidneys the calcium – later to formation of renal stones and even the damage of kidneys. Therefore D medical advice be indicated before accepting the pharmaceutical preparations of vitamin and calcium.
Overdosing vitamin C at particularly sensitive persons can lead to crystallization of oxalates and moczanów in kidneys. Very large doses can call out disorder in alimentary line.
more Often it however it than excess was affirmed was was shortages (mainly vitamin C, foil acid, and even vitamins B6 and B12). On totality considerable lacks step out in men's population in aged age. It caring about own health and family, was one should with moderation and enrich with reason diet rich in vitamins preparations - particularly in winter period and early-spring. Women should proceed in cyesis joint shortages at which usually happen: carefully foil acid, vitamin B12, C and iron.
you will get with the most Proper will conduct the advice the doctor, which will estimate or it one need the suplementacji of vitamins, and if so, by what period of time as well as which vitamins?
Kazimierz Funk this the Polish biochemist, creator of science about vitamins. He in 1900 finished high school in Warsaw, for what he left to Switzerland. He studied biology there and chemistry. Pasteura in next years worked at Institute in Paris, at Berlinian University and in Great Brytanii ( he led investigation over cause unknown earlier beri-beri disease). He uncovered and he distinguished from rice otrębów first vitamin B1. His investigations permitted to detect in various foods presence of this vitamin.
Kazimierz Funk is the author of deadline "vitamin” which introduced in 1912 year. He occupied with taking a cure on avitaminosis chorych. He foresaw, that the lack of vitamins can cause different diseases how np. rickets, szkorbut. In time And he transferred to United States world war where he led investigation over utilization to healing aims vitamins. He in 1923 came back to Poland. In years 1923-1927 was the manager of State Institute of Hygiene, m.in. over isolating hormone worked in Warsaw - insulin. The influence of vitamin studied B1 on carbohydrate transformation and he deals with with investigation of nicotinic acid. He in 1927 left to Paris where he led investigation over hormones. In 1939, after explosion II world war he, emigrated to United States, where he stayed to end of life.
it it one should was was was Obviously, that article gives only general knowledge about problem. Here introduced data have only informative value and they can not replace professional medical advice. It in case of wholesome problems and was one should turn after advice to doctor any doubts. Only medical leaning on personal examining patient, interview with sick leave advice and conduct guarantees additional investigations always safe, such, which can give desirable wholesome effect.